Grignard Reagent:-

In 1900, the French Scientist Victor Grignard said, so as the Grignard_reaction is called this crag-metallic dualist of magnesium. Victor Grignard said that when magnesium metal is the action of Er-Halide in the presence of dry ether, then Alkali Magnesium Halide (R --- MG ------- X) makes the ether to live in the ether, later this compound has been kept the Genny farm. It is the formula (R --- MG ---- X).

Where, R = akin (CH3, C2H5, etc.) or Ari (C6H5) originator and X = Cl, Br and I.

Making chemical equation:-When El-ken Halide is made to warm up with Magnesium in the presence of dry

ether.

R---X+Mg(ether)----------------------->R---Mg----X(Grignard reagent)

CH3.I+Mg(ether)----------->CH3-Mg-I(methyl magnesium Iodide)
Structure of Grignard Reagent:-In the chemical reaction, the Grignard reagent resembles an alkaline magnesium halide, with its molecule, two molecules of ether are attached to the sub-covalent bond. Therefore it is also called Crystal Ether. The two oxygen atoms present in ether have an electron pair of atoms. The two electron combinations are attached to the sub-covalent bond with the magnesium molecule. The magnesium atom of the Alkali metal halides has four electrons in the outermost cell, the magnesium completes its octaves by taking two electrons. Its common formula is R.Mg X.2Et2O.
R---Mg---X+2C2H5---O---C2H5------->2(2C2H5)---O:-->Mg---R |
(I)
Iodine=(I)

Four groups (R, I, 2Et2O) with magnesium are tetrahedral attached. physical properties:- Greenery reagent is solid colorless unprofitable. In the experimental work, it uses its ethane solution. It is not obtained in a concrete condition because it is very active.

Chemical properties: -Green rectifier is very very active, so it is used in organic synthesis, it can be made of many types of logic.

Chemical reactions:- It is of three types
1.Double decomposition or Nuclei affectionate replacement
2. Add Nucleate affectionately
3.The reaction in which both ammonia and Addition occur.

(1).Double decomposition:- In this reaction, the granular reagent (-Mg-x) part acts through the negative part of the working molecule. That is, due to the attraction of the Mg(magnesium) that is part of the lingering part, the negative functioning portion of the molecule combines on its side. Double-decomposition-reactions

Examples:- Make Alkyne and Ketone.

CICH3+C2H5-Mg-Br------->C2H5.CH3(propen)+Mg--(CI)(Br)

_{C2H5-Mg-l+CI.CO.CH3---->C2H5.CO.CH3(Keaton)+Mg---(CI)(I)}
_{Where Chemical formula}
_CICH3=methyl chloride
Mg=Magnesium
CI=Chlorine
CI.CO.CH3=Acyl chloride
R---o---R'=Ketone
C3H8=propen
2. Snogging chloride:- Reacting with alkaline cyanide.
CH3.Mg.I+CN-CI------->CH3--CN+Mg--(I)(CI)

Where Chemical Formula
I=Iodine
CN=Cyanide
(2).Nuclei affectionate additive reaction:-Greener reagents make computational reactions with those compounds in which the group (or multiple), such as> C = O,> C = S, --- CN, --- NC or act with coronary elements such as oxygen and sulfur. is. Entry into additive reactions The alkaline molecule of the granularity reagent (the part of the lump) is combined with the unbundled group (i.e. the collaboration) i.e. the carbon atom and the wifely ( --mg-x )part becomes coefficient of the mercurial elements such as O, N, and S.

--C=O+R--Mg--X--->---C.R-O-Mg-X(Addition product)

Water decomposition

--C.R-O-Mg-X+H--OH(+H)----->----C.R--OH+Mg--(OH)(X)

Exemption:-

1.Reaction with sulfur: -Theo alcohol or mercaptan is formed.
C2H5-Mg-Br+S--->C2H5.S-Mg-Br(H2O/+H)--->C2H5SH+Mg-- (Br)(OH)

where Chemical Formula
C2H5SH=Ethyl Theo Alcohol or Mercaptan
(-OH)=Alcohol
S=sulphur
H2O=Water C
2H5MgBr=Grignard reagents
R----SH=Tho Alcohol
(3).Bise-decomposition and add are both:-In these reactions, two molecules of Grignard reagent participate. Take a fondly and decomposition and another addition part.
Exemption:-
Reactions with Amide: - By making the Keaton
CH3C.NH2.O+2(CH3-Mg-Br)---->2(CH3)---C. (NH-Mg-Br).O-Mg-Br+CH4
2(CH3)---C.(NH3-Mg-Br).(OMB)+3H2O--->[CH3.OH--C.CH3.2(OH)](-H2O)---->2(CH3)---C=O

Where Chemical Formula
CH3CO.NH2=methyl Amide
(CH3.C=O)=Acetone
OH=Alcohol
NH3=Ammonia
CH4=Methen